Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 5, 2026
06:03
The Active Place Avoidance (APA) Test, an Effective, Versatile and Repeatable Spatial Learning Task for Mice
Published on: February 16, 2024
cAPM: Continual AI-assisted pace-mapping with active learning
Dylan O'Hara1, Pradeep Bajracharya1, Casey Meisenzahl1
1Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York, USA.
Computers in Biology and Medicine
|July 30, 2026
Summary
Continuous AI-assisted pace-mapping (cAPM) significantly improves ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablation by transferring knowledge across procedures. This AI approach reduces the number of pacing sites needed for accurate VT target localization.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Artificial Intelligence
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Ventricular tachycardia (VT) is a critical cause of sudden cardiac death.
- Pace-mapping guides catheter ablation by analyzing ventricular pacing sites and ECGs.
- Current AI methods for pace-mapping lack knowledge transfer capabilities across different VT cases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To introduce cAPM, a continuous AI-assisted pace-mapping system.
- To enable knowledge transfer from past pace-mapping data for future VT localizations.
- To reduce the data required for efficient and accurate VT target identification.
Main Methods:
- Developed a task-agnostic surrogate neural network mapping pacing sites to 12-lead ECG morphology.
- Implemented an active-learning strategy for selecting informative pacing sites.
- Utilized a continual learning strategy to sequentially update the model and retain prior knowledge.
Main Results:
- cAPM achieved an 82% probability of localizing VT targets within 5 mm accuracy using only 4.5 pacing sites.
- This significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art active-learning method, which required 12.6 pacing sites for 45% accuracy.
- Performance was consistent across diverse simulated physiological conditions and ventricular geometries.
Conclusions:
- cAPM demonstrates a novel approach for continuous, knowledge-transferring AI in pace-mapping.
- The system substantially enhances the efficiency and accuracy of VT target localization.
- Results support further development for prospective in-vivo preclinical and clinical studies.
Related Concept Videos
01:22Purposive Learning
E. C. Tolman emphasized the purposiveness of behavior — the idea that much of our behavior is goal-directed. For instance, employees who aim for a promotion work diligently to meet their targets. Tolman argued that when classical conditioning and operant conditioning occur, the organism acquires certain expectations. In classical conditioning, a child might fear a dog because they expect it to bite. In operant conditioning, a person might consistently work overtime because they expect a bonus...
01:27Associative Learning
Associative learning is a fundamental concept in behavioral psychology, wherein a connection is established between two stimuli or events, leading to a learned response. This process is critical in understanding how behaviors are acquired and modified. Conditioning, the mechanism through which associations are formed, can be divided into two main types: classical conditioning and operant conditioning, each elucidating different aspects of associative learning.
Classical conditioning, also known...
Classical conditioning, also known...
01:21Cognitive Learning
Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...
01:18Introduction to Learning
Learning is the process of acquiring knowledge or skills through practice or experience, leading to long-lasting behavioral changes. This acquisition occurs through interaction with the environment and requires practice or experience. For instance, mastering a skill such as surfing requires considerable practice and experience, highlighting the essential role of repeated interactions with the environment in learning.
In contrast to learned behaviors, unlearned behaviors such as crying, sexual...
In contrast to learned behaviors, unlearned behaviors such as crying, sexual...
01:06Fixed Action Patterns
A fixed action pattern (FAP) is a specific, hard-wired sequence of behaviors that occurs in response to an external stimulus, called a sign stimulus. The behavior is “fixed” because it is essentially unchangeable—proceeding similarly across individuals of a species every time it occurs.