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Solid-phase microextraction as a green sample preparation strategy for volatile organic compound profiling in coffee:
Yerkanat Syrgabek1,2, Adrián Fuente-Ballesteros3, Vânia G Zuin Zeidler4
1Center of Physical-Chemical Methods of Research and Analysis, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) offers a greener approach to coffee analysis. This technique, combined with GC-MS, effectively profiles volatile compounds for aroma and authenticity studies.
Area of Science:
- Analytical Chemistry
- Food Science
- Green Chemistry
Background:
- Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is a solvent-free sample preparation method.
- Its application in coffee analysis is growing, particularly for volatile organic compound (VOC) profiling.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent studies (2020-2025) on the use of SPME in coffee analysis.
- To evaluate SPME's effectiveness in characterizing coffee aroma, authenticity, and classification.
- To assess the environmental impact and sustainability of SPME in this field.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies published between 2020 and 2025.
- Analysis of SPME coupled with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS).
- Application of chemometric methods for data analysis.
- Evaluation using AGREEprep scores for greenness assessment.
Main Results:
- SPME-GC-MS effectively supports the characterization of coffee aroma profiles.
- The technique aids in the evaluation of coffee authenticity and sample classification.
- AGREEprep scores indicate moderate greenness (0.29-0.73) for SPME methods.
Conclusions:
- SPME is a valuable, solvent-free technique for comprehensive coffee analysis.
- It presents a promising strategy for developing greener and more sustainable coffee analysis workflows.
- Further research can optimize SPME for enhanced environmental performance in food analysis.
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