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Fast-Tracking the Implementation of National Action Plan for Health Security (2018-2024) in Uganda: The Acceleration
Herbert Bakiika1, Immaculate Nabukenya1, Reuben Kiggundu1
1Herbert Bakiika, MPH, BVM, PGDM&E, is a Senior Technical Advisor, NAPHS & One Health; Immaculate Nabukenya, PhD, Reuben Kiggundu MPH, MSc, MBChB, and Lydia Nakiire, MPH, FETP, are Epidemiologists; Godfrey Bongole and Geraldine Mukesha, MPH, are Monitoring and Evaluation Officers; Martha I. Achan, LLB, LLM, MPH, is a Legal Advisor; Justine Bukirwa, MBS, is a Technical Officer, Laboratory Systems; Gloria Namiya, BBA is an Administrator; Dathan M. Byonanebye, MD, PHD, is Deputy Head of Department; and Francis Kakooza, PHD, is Head of Department; all in the Global Health Security Department, Infectious Diseases Institute, Kampala, Uganda. Godfrey Bwire, MD, PhD, is an Assistant Commissioner; Harriet Mayinja is a Research Officer; Anne Nakinsige, MD, is Principal Epidemiologist; Sunday Kithula, MPH, MD, is a Senior Medical Officer; Allan Muruta, MPH, MD, is a commissioner; all in the Department of Integrated Epidemiology, Surveillance and Public Health Emergencies, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda. Betty Mbolanyi is Principal Environment Officer, Ministry of Water and Environment, Kampala, Uganda. Robert Mwebe, MVPM, BVM, is a Principal Veterinary Officer, and Rose Ademun, PHD, MVPM, BVM, is Commissioner of Animal Health; both in the Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industries and Fisheries, Entebbe, Uganda. Patrick Atimnedi, MVPM, BVM, is a Senior Veterinary Officer, Uganda Wildlife Authority, Kampala, Uganda. Timothy Lubanga is Commissioner, Monitoring and Evaluation Department; Aggrey Ngobi and Enid Mbabazi, MD, are Medical Officers; Roland B. Taremwa is a Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist; and Emmanuel Turyatunga is an Assistant Commissioner; all at the Office of the Prime Minister, Kampala, Uganda. Issa Makumbi, MD, MSc, is Senior Advisor and Atek Kagirita MPH, MBS, BBLT is Manager, Public Health Emergency Operations Center, Kampala, Uganda. Henry Mwebesa, MPH, is Director General of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda.
Uganda
Area of Science:
- Global Health Security
- Public Health Policy
- Health Systems Strengthening
Background:
- Uganda's 2017 Joint External Evaluation (JEE) identified significant gaps in International Health Regulations (IHR) implementation.
- Existing coordination mechanisms were insufficient to address multisectoral health security challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of Uganda's National Action Plan for Health Security Acceleration (NAPHS) Team (A-Team) on health security implementation.
- To assess the A-Team's role in facilitating cross-sector coordination and improving IHR compliance.
Main Methods:
- A multimethod evaluation combining outcome harvesting, key informant interviews, and cost analysis.
- Contribution analysis was employed to verify causal pathways and attribute improvements to the A-Team.
Main Results:
- Measurable improvements in Uganda's 2023 JEE scores, including enhanced multisectoral coordination (2 to 4) and points of entry capacities (1 to 3).
- Key achievements include Public Health Act amendments, One Health policy development, and the institutionalization of the 7-1-7 framework.
- The A-Team facilitated securing US$150.5 million in health security funding, demonstrating a 1:43 leverage ratio.
Conclusions:
- The embedded A-Team model effectively addressed coordination challenges in a resource-constrained setting, acting as trusted boundary spanners.
- This model shows promise for replication in similar contexts, emphasizing adaptation to local governance and sustainable financing.
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