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Clinical decision-making and documentation gaps associated with influenza antiviral treatment in hospitalized

Christina B Felsen1, Erin Licherdell1, Maria A Gaitan1

  • 1Center for Community Health and Prevention, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.

Antimicrobial Stewardship & Healthcare Epidemiology : ASHE
|July 31, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Only 42% of hospitalized children with influenza received recommended antiviral treatment in Western NY during 2023-2024. Factors like comorbidities and parental decisions influenced treatment rates for pediatric influenza patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health Surveillance

Background:

  • Influenza antivirals are crucial for hospitalized children.
  • Treatment rates for pediatric influenza remain suboptimal in many regions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the uptake of influenza antiviral treatment in hospitalized children in Western New York.
  • To identify factors associated with antiviral treatment in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of hospitalized pediatric influenza cases in 7 Western NY counties during the 2023-2024 season.
  • Statistical modeling to determine predictors of antiviral treatment.

Main Results:

  • Only 42% of hospitalized children with influenza received antiviral therapy.
  • Comorbidities, illness severity, and specific symptoms were significant predictors of treatment.
  • Parental declination and provider adherence to outpatient guidelines for inpatients were identified as barriers.

Conclusions:

  • Influenza antiviral treatment rates for hospitalized children in Western NY are low.
  • Barriers to treatment include patient-related factors, provider practices, and guideline application.
  • Interventions are needed to improve antiviral therapy adherence in pediatric influenza hospitalizations.

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