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Psychoactive Substance Use and the Impact on the AIDS Epidemic Among the MSM Population: a Meta-Analysis - Worldwide,

Donghang Luo1, Jie Xu1, Wei Luo1

  • 1National Center for AIDS/STD Control & Prevention, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.

China CDC Weekly
|July 31, 2026
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Psychoactive substance use, particularly amphetamines, increases human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk in men who have sex with men (MSM). Reducing specific substance use can aid HIV prevention strategies for this population.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Substance Use Research

Background:

  • Psychoactive substance use is correlated with increased human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) susceptibility in men who have sex with men (MSM).
  • The exact impact of various psychoactive substances on HIV transmission risk within the MSM population requires further clarification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the prevalence of specific psychoactive substance use among MSM globally.
  • To assess the differential impact of various substances (amphetamines, rush poppers, GHB) on HIV risk in MSM populations.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of existing studies on psychoactive substance use and HIV risk in MSM.
  • Analysis of regional variations in substance use patterns, with a focus on China.

Main Results:

  • Overall, 17% of MSM reported psychoactive substance use.
  • Amphetamine use was associated with a significantly higher HIV risk (OR 3.06) compared to rush poppers (OR 1.51) and general substance use (OR 1.76).
  • Rush popper usage was notably high in China (47.26%) compared to global rates.

Conclusions:

  • Targeted interventions to reduce specific psychoactive substance use, such as amphetamines and rush poppers, are crucial for HIV prevention among MSM.
  • Public health strategies should consider regional differences in substance use patterns when developing HIV prevention programs for MSM.
Keywords:
HIVMSMMetaPsychoactive Substance Use

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