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Updated: Aug 5, 2026
10:53
A Novel Application of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Imaging
Published on: September 17, 2013
Expert Consensus Recommendations for Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Education in Canadian Rheumatology Residency Programs
Maria F Powell1, Steven G Thomson2, Sahil Koppikar3
1Memorial University, St. John, 's, Newfoundland and Labrador.
Arthritis Care & Research
|July 31, 2026
Summary
This study developed expert consensus recommendations for musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS) education in Canadian rheumatology residency programs, establishing core competencies for standardized curricula.
Area of Science:
- Rheumatology
- Medical Education
- Musculoskeletal Ultrasound (MSUS)
Background:
- Musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS) is a valuable tool in rheumatology.
- Standardized education is needed for rheumatology residents in Canada.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop expert consensus recommendations for MSUS education in Canadian rheumatology residency programs.
- To ensure educational feasibility using cognitive load theory.
Main Methods:
- A three-stage consensus study involving an international working group of MSUS experts and stakeholders.
- Modified nominal group technique (NGT) and modified Delphi technique were employed.
- Consensus defined as >70% agreement, with final review in a structured focus group.
Main Results:
- 30 prioritized anatomical areas and pathologies generated by NGT.
- 42 core and 38 optional MSUS items reached consensus.
- Core items organized into 33 MSUS competencies, including general skills and specific findings in inflammatory arthritis.
Conclusions:
- Recommendations provide a foundation for standardized MSUS curricula.
- Core MSUS competencies are clinically valuable, learnable, and feasible for national implementation.
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