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Updated: Aug 5, 2026

Real-Time Cardiac Mapping with a Noninvasive Imageless Electrocardiographic Imaging System
Published on: April 11, 2025
AI-Enabled ECG Mapping to Guide Leadless Atrial Pacemaker Implantation in the Bachmann's Bundle Region
Dingxin Qin1, David E Krummen2, Ayesha Shaik1
1Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Background:
Physiologic atrial pacing at the Bachmann's bundle region may improve biatrial synchrony, but accurate implantation of atrial leadless pacemakers remains challenging.
Fih/Early Report Summary:
We report the first case of artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled electrocardiogram (ECG) mapping-guided implantation of an atrial leadless pacemaker in the Bachmann's bundle region. An 86-year-old woman with symptomatic tachy-brady syndrome and bilateral subclavian venous occlusion underwent implantation of an atrial leadless pacemaker guided by intracardiac echocardiography and AI-enabled ECG mapping. Mapping demonstrated earliest activation in the anterior-superior left atrium, consistent with Bachmann's-bundle-region pacing. Implantation was successful without procedural complications.
Discussion:
This case demonstrates the feasibility of AI-enabled mapping to facilitate physiologic atrial leadless pacing.
Novelty:
First reported use of AI-enabled ECG mapping to guide Bachmann's-bundle-region atrial leadless pacemaker implantation.
Take-Home Message:
AI-enabled ECG mapping may enable precise targeting of the Bachmann's bundle region to achieve individualized physiologic atrial pacing.
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