Inclusive and Collaborative Exergame for Adults With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: Development and...

Area of Science:

• Human-Computer Interaction
• Inclusive Design
• Rehabilitation Technology

Background:

• Individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) experience challenges in social inclusion due to cognitive and social skill differences.
• Existing video games often fail to provide equitable multiplayer experiences for diverse user groups, particularly those with IDDs.
• Exergames present a potential avenue for promoting inclusion, physical activity, and social engagement, but require accessible design.

Purpose of the Study:

• To co-design and develop an inclusive, collaborative, real-time multiplayer exergame named Elemental.
• To assess the usability, impact of accessibility features, and player satisfaction and enjoyment of the developed exergame.
• To investigate if personalized accommodations can eliminate performance disparities among heterogeneous groups of players with IDDs.

Main Methods:

• The exergame Elemental was co-designed using the CeHRes Roadmap, involving diverse stakeholders including individuals with IDDs.
• Two cooperative minigames, Igloo and Volcano, were developed with customizable facilitation options for sensory, cognitive, and motor needs.
• A two-phase study involved young adults with IDDs using various input devices and personalized accommodations, with data collected on performance, behavior, and satisfaction.

Main Results:

• In initial sessions (Igloo), performance correlated negatively with intellectual disability severity, while reaction time correlated positively.
• In later sessions (Volcano), tailored support (personalized facilitations and optimal devices) eliminated performance disparities in heterogeneous groups.
• Behavioral analysis indicated frequent peer collaboration, and participants reported high usability and satisfaction with the exergame.

Conclusions:

• Elemental, an inherently accessible exergame, was successfully co-designed and demonstrated the effectiveness of inclusive design principles.
• Personalized features and accommodations can effectively eliminate performance disparities, enabling equitable participation for individuals with diverse abilities.
• This approach shifts towards designing digital environments that embrace diversity, transforming activities into inclusive and enjoyable collaborative experiences.