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The Multilevel Effects of Political Orientation and Political Climate on Substance Use Among Adolescents
Alain Van Hiel1, Kim Dierckx1, Dries Bostyn1
1Department of Developmental, Personality, and Social Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Background:
The present study focuses on the extent to which individual political orientation and political school climate are related to the use of alcohol, cannabis, cigarettes, and e-cigarettes.
Methods:
We sampled 11,114 Belgian (Dutch-speaking) students from 44 secondary schools in the four highest grades (age 14-18).
Results:
Left-wing orientation predicted lower substance use, while radical-right orientation predicted higher use. No main effect of left-wing school climate emerged, but several cross-level interactions showed that individual political orientation effects depend on school context. A noteworthy finding was that radical-right orientation predicted greater substance use most strongly in radical-right climates.
Conclusions:
The present findings highlight the contextual nature of political orientation: individual-level effects are moderated by the school-level political climate. Given the elevated levels of substance use among radical right-wing individuals in radical right school climates, we suggest that policy efforts should foster adolescents' critical reasoning about science versus pseudoscience.
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