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Updated: Aug 5, 2026
Quasistatic Mechanical Testing for Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing Occlusal Veneers Cemented to Milled Dentin Analog Material
Published on: December 20, 2024
New nano-grain dental zirconia with chairside processability and superior bio-mechanical properties
1Department of Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing 100081, China.
Objectives:
To overcome the limitations of conventional yttria-stabilized zirconia used in dental restorations, including long sintering time, relatively low fracture toughness (especially for high-translucency zirconia, such as 4Y-, 5Y-, and 6Y-PSZ), hydrothermal instability, and limited machinability, this study aims to develop a calcium-stabilized nano-grain zirconia optimized for rapid chairside processing.
Methods:
Calcium-stabilized zirconia ceramics were fabricated and subjected to fast sintering with a total sintering time of less than 20 min, and compared with conventionally slow-sintered specimens. Microstructure, phase composition, mechanical properties, optical translucency, machinability, and biocompatibility were systematically characterized.
Results:
Fast sintering produced a refined nano-grain microstructure with significantly improved flexural strength, fracture toughness, phase stability, and machinability compared with slow sintering. Notably, optical translucency was markedly enhanced under fast sintering conditions, attributable to the effective suppression of CaO-ZrO₂ phase separation during rapid heating. In contrast, slow sintering promoted phase segregation and inferior optical performance.
Significance:
These results demonstrate that fast sintering (<20 min) is superior to conventional slow sintering for calcium-stabilized dental zirconia. The developed material combines rapid processing, enhanced mechanical and optical performance, and good biocompatibility, highlighting its strong potential for next-generation chairside zirconia dental restorations.