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Paediatric Keratoconus: An ERN-EYE Clinical Consensus Statement on Diagnosis, Treatment and Follow-Up Care

Luca Buzzonetti1, Cosimo Mazzotta2,3,4, Michele Iester5,6

  • 1ERN-EYE, Ophthalmology Unit, Bambino Gesù IRCCS Children's Hospital, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy. luca.buzzonetti@opbg.net.

Ophthalmology and Therapy
|July 31, 2026
PubMed

Insights

This consensus statement offers crucial guidance for diagnosing, monitoring, and managing pediatric keratoconus, a progressive eye condition in children. It aims to standardize care and improve visual development outcomes for affected youth.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatric Eye Care
  • Corneal Ectasias

Background:

  • Pediatric keratoconus is a rapidly progressing corneal ectasia affecting children and adolescents.
  • Lack of standardized, pediatric-specific guidelines hinders optimal management.
  • Early detection and intervention are critical for visual development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide evidence-based recommendations for pediatric keratoconus diagnosis, monitoring, and management.
  • To address the need for standardized, multidisciplinary care guidelines.
  • To guide European healthcare professionals in managing pediatric keratoconus.

Main Methods:

  • A clinical consensus statement developed via a structured Delphi process.
  • Involved a multidisciplinary panel of European experts from ERN-EYE.
  • Comprehensive review of current understanding, diagnostics, risk factors, and treatments.

Main Results:

  • Consensus on physiopathology, diagnostic criteria, and classification systems for pediatric keratoconus.
  • Outlined strategies for early detection and continuous monitoring.
  • Presented current treatment approaches with pediatric-specific recommendations.

Conclusions:

  • The statement provides essential guidance for ophthalmologists, pediatricians, and allied health professionals.
  • Aims to improve the timely and appropriate care of children with keratoconus.
  • Standardized management is expected to enhance visual outcomes across Europe.

Keywords:
Cross-linkingGuidelinesKeratoconusKeratoplastyPaediatric keratoconusRare diseases

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