Literature Review: Nutritional Status of Hemodialysis Patients in the Azerbaijan Republic:A Retrospective Analysis

Nutritional status is a vital predictor of survival in chronic hemodialysis patients. Protein -energy wasting and micronutrient deficiencies are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. In this study, we evaluated the prevalence of malnutrition and seasonal nutritional fluctuations among patients who were receiving hemodialysis in the Azerbaijan Republic.

We conducted a retrospective analysis of 126 patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis in 2024. Assessments included serum biochemical markers (albumin, hemoglobin, ferritin, vitamin D ), body mass index, and dietary records.

Among 126 patients, hypoalbuminemia was observed in 49 patients (39 % ) and 55 patients (44 %) presented with body mass index <20 kg /m2. Micronutrient deficiencies were frequent, with iron deficiency in 45 patients (36 % ) and vitamin D deficiency in 60 patients (48 %). Seasonal variations significantly affected protein and caloric intake (P < .05 ).

Malnutrition is a significant burden in Azerbaijani hemodialysis units. Implementation of regular monitoring and individualized dietary counseling is essential to optimize patient outcomes.