Review on the Relationship Between TyG Index and CVD Incidence in Patients With T2DM With NAFLD

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated by nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a highly prevalent metabolic disorder with rapidly rising prevalence and incidence rates, and it predisposes affected individuals to multiple complications. Insulin resistance (IR) is a key pathogenic factor in patients with T2DM and concomitant NAFLD, and it is closely associated with the onset and progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a novel indicator for assessing IR, has gained growing attention for its potential value in predicting CVD risk among patients with T2DM and NAFLD. Furthermore, CVD, as a common complication of T2DM with NAFLD, significantly impairs patients' quality of life. This review aims to explore the association between the TyG index and CVD risk prediction in patients with T2DM and NAFLD and further elaborate on the underlying mechanisms. Although the exact biological mechanism linking the TyG index to CVD remains incompletely clarified, accumulating evidence has demonstrated that elevated TyG index levels are positively correlated with higher CVD prevalence. This review deepens the understanding of CVD pathogenesis in patients with T2DM and NAFLD and provides a theoretical basis for developing more effective prevention and treatment strategies.