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Fetomaternal Outcome Following Previous Spontaneous Abortion: An Observational Study
Ponmani Priya Veeramani Venkatachalapathi1, Uthpala Vadakaluru1, Arivarasan Barathi2
1Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Puducherry, IND.
Cureus
|August 1, 2026
Summary
Pregnancy following spontaneous abortion (SAB) typically yields good outcomes, but risks like gestational diabetes and preterm birth persist. Careful antenatal monitoring is crucial for women with a history of SAB.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Reproductive Medicine
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine
Background:
- Spontaneous abortion (SAB) impacts subsequent pregnancies.
- Understanding outcomes after SAB is critical for maternal and fetal health.
- Previous SAB necessitates careful evaluation in future pregnancies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess maternal and fetal outcomes in women with a history of spontaneous abortion (SAB).
- To identify risks associated with subsequent pregnancies after SAB.
- To compare outcomes between single and recurrent SAB subgroups.
Main Methods:
- An 18-month observational study at a tertiary care hospital.
- Enrolled 96 women aged 18-35 with at least one prior SAB.
- Recorded maternal (gestational hypertension, diabetes, placental issues, delivery mode) and fetal/neonatal outcomes (growth, birth weight, Apgar, NICU admission).
Main Results:
- Most women (67.7%) were under 30, with 14.6% having recurrent SAB.
- Gestational diabetes (17.7%), gestational hypertension (12.5%), and preterm delivery (12.5%) were observed.
- High cesarean section rates (60.4%) and NICU admissions (18.8%) were noted; no intrauterine deaths.
Conclusions:
- Pregnancy after SAB generally has favorable outcomes, including high rates of normal birth weight and Apgar scores.
- Significant risks for gestational diabetes, hypertension, fetal growth retardation, and NICU admissions remain.
- Structured antenatal surveillance and individualized care are recommended for pregnant women with a history of SAB.
