Artificial intelligence in dermatology: A literature review of current evidence and clinical implementation

Artificial intelligence is emerging as a transformative and rapidly developing technology, with growing implications for the healthcare sector, including dermatology. We conducted a literature review using PubMed and EMBASE. Included studies primarily focused on the application of artificial intelligence for image-based classification. These artificial intelligence systems showed remarkable performance in controlled settings, even matching dermatologist-level accuracy for specific narrow tasks. Several common limitations were identified, including restricted dataset sizes, limited diagnostic diversity, potential selection bias, and inconsistencies in model evaluation. Clinical implementation should require careful attention to validation rigor, dataset diversity, implementation strategies, ethical considerations, and evidence of real-world impact.