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Sleep Quality Assessment in Trauma Patients Requiring Intensive Care: A Prospective Observational Study
Sathiya G Priya1, Yudhyavir Singh2, Kapil Dev Soni3
1Anesthesiology and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, New Delhi, IND.
Cureus
|August 1, 2026
Summary
Trauma intensive care unit (ICU) patients experience poor sleep quality, primarily disrupted by noise, pain, and light. Despite minimal improvement during their stay, sleep quality did not significantly impact mortality rates.
Area of Science:
- Critical Care Medicine
- Sleep Medicine
- Trauma Surgery
Background:
- Sleep is crucial for healing, cognitive function, and immune regulation.
- Sleep deprivation is prevalent in intensive care units (ICUs), especially for ventilated patients.
- Trauma patients face unique challenges affecting sleep, including increased pain.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate sleep quality in trauma patients admitted to the ICU.
- To assess changes in sleep quality during ICU stay.
- To identify factors influencing sleep and determine the incidence of delirium.
Main Methods:
- A prospective observational study involving 80 trauma patients in a level I trauma ICU.
- Sleep quality assessed using the Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire (RCSQ).
- Sedation and agitation monitored with Richmond Agitation and Sedation Scale (RASS); delirium screened using Confusion Assessment Method (CAM-ICU).
Main Results:
- Overall mean RCSQ score was 49.57 ± 4.95, indicating poor sleep quality.
- 52.5% of patients reported poor sleep on day one, with minimal improvement over three days.
- Noise (52 patients), pain (37), and light (18) were the primary sleep disruptors; ICU noise levels exceeded WHO recommendations.
Conclusions:
- Trauma ICU patients exhibit poor sleep quality with limited improvement during their stay.
- Noise is the most significant factor affecting sleep, followed by light and pain.
- While sleep quality did not significantly affect mortality, improved sleep management is recommended.
