[Recent advances and future perspectives in the treatment of mantle cell lymphoma]

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is characterized by repeated relapses and gradual disease progression under conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy. Although a variety of chemotherapy regimens have been developed to improve outcomes, direct comparisons of efficacy across regimens evaluated in different clinical trials remain challenging because of the limited number of patients in each study and the biological heterogeneity of the disease. Consequently, a universally accepted standard therapy for MCL has yet to be established. In recent years, the introduction of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors has markedly improved the prognosis of patients with MCL. In parallel, advances in the understanding of its molecular pathogenesis have provided deeper insights into the mechanisms of drug response and resistance, as well as potential synergistic effects with other therapeutic agents. Collectively, these developments are reshaping the clinical management of MCL. With the anticipated expansion of novel therapeutic approaches, including immunotherapies, MCL has emerged as a highly active and rapidly evolving field in both clinical practice and molecular research.