A Novel Copper Ion Fluorescent Probe Based on Tetraphenylimidazole

Area of Science:

• Analytical Chemistry
• Materials Science
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Copper ions (Cu²⁺) are crucial for physiological functions.
• Imbalances in copper homeostasis are linked to various diseases.
• Accurate detection of Cu²⁺ is vital for health and environmental monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

• To synthesize a novel fluorescent probe for selective Cu²⁺ detection.
• To evaluate the probe's sensitivity, selectivity, and binding characteristics.
• To demonstrate the probe's practical application in detecting Cu²⁺.

Main Methods:

• Synthesis of a tetraphenylimidazole derivative (TPHB) fluorescent probe.
• Spectroscopic analysis (fluorescence, mass spectrometry, ¹H NMR) to characterize the probe.
• Testing the probe's performance with varying Cu²⁺ concentrations and interfering ions.
• Development of rapid detection test strips for Cu²⁺.

Main Results:

• TPHB exhibits fluorescence quenching upon binding with Cu²⁺.
• Achieved a low detection limit of 0.047 µM and a high binding constant (3.56 × 10⁴ M⁻¹).
• Confirmed a 2:1 Cu²⁺ binding ratio and demonstrated resistance to common interfering ions like Al³⁺.
• Successfully applied TPHB in test strips for effective Cu²⁺ detection in simulated water samples.

Conclusions:

• TPHB is a highly sensitive and selective fluorescent probe for Cu²⁺ detection.
• The probe demonstrates robust performance and practical applicability.
• This development offers a promising tool for monitoring copper ion levels.