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Endaural Endoscopic Atticoantrotomy (Retrograde Mastoidectomy) using a Constant Suction Bone-drilling Technique
Published on: May 23, 2021
Effect of Case Variation on Mastoidectomy Training Using 3D-Printed Temporal Bones Models-A Prospective, Randomized
Adam Omari1,2,3, Andreas Frithioff1, Anders Nøhr1,3
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen Hearing and Balance Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Summary
Practicing mastoidectomy (ear surgery) with varied 3D-printed models improved initial skill acquisition. However, identical models led to better long-term skill retention and lower cognitive load for novice surgeons.
Area of Science:
- Medical Education
- Surgical Simulation
- Anatomy Training
Background:
- Mastoidectomy is a complex surgical procedure requiring extensive training.
- 3D-printed models offer a promising simulation tool for surgical education.
- Variability in training models may impact skill acquisition and retention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the effects of training with identical versus varied 3D-printed models on mastoidectomy skill acquisition.
- To assess the impact of training model variability on cognitive load and skill retention.
- To determine optimal instructional design for novice mastoidectomy trainees.
Main Methods:
- A prospective, randomized controlled trial involving 24 novice medical students.
- Two groups: Identical Models (IM) and Variable Models (VM) for 10 mastoidectomy procedures.
- Performance (modified Welling Scale) and cognitive load (relative reaction time) were assessed, with a 3-month retention test.
Main Results:
- The Variable Model (VM) group showed higher initial performance scores (20.6 vs. 18.2, P=.02).
- At 3-month retention, the VM group experienced significant score decay (5.6 points, P<.001) on repeated models and (3.7 points, P<.001) on new models.
- The Identical Model (IM) group demonstrated no skill decay, indicating superior long-term retention and lower cognitive load during training.
Conclusions:
- Repeated practice on anatomically identical 3D-printed models enhances skill retention in mastoidectomy.
- Instructional design should prioritize identical models for initial skill acquisition until basic proficiency is achieved.
- Optimizing surgical training requires careful consideration of model variability for both acquisition and long-term retention.
