Standardized method to develop an endometriosis model in Sprague-Dawley rats: A step-by-step description

Area of Science:

• Reproductive Biology
• Surgical Pathology
• Animal Models

Background:

• Endometriosis is a complex gynecological condition.
• Existing animal models often lack standardization and reproducibility.
• Variability in current models hinders mechanistic studies and therapeutic development.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a standardized and reproducible rat model of endometriosis.
• To refine the Vivian technique for improved consistency.
• To create a model that replicates key features of human endometriosis.

Main Methods:

• Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats underwent uterine horn segment implantation onto the peritoneum.
• Refinements included strict graft orientation, specific suture techniques, and antibiotic prophylaxis.
• Lesion development was assessed macroscopically and histologically after one month.

Main Results:

• 100% of rats developed macroscopic endometriosis-like lesions.
• Lesions exhibited cystic masses, hyperemic surfaces, neovascularization, and adhesions.
• Histology confirmed endometrial-like tissue, including glandular structures and stroma.

Conclusions:

• The refined rat model reliably reproduces hallmark features of human endometriosis.
• Protocol improvements minimize variability in rodent models.
• This model offers a reproducible framework for endometriosis research and preclinical therapy evaluation.