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Multidisciplinary Approach to Obesity Management: A Case Report
Published on: May 30, 2025
Peripheral nerve complications from medications utilised for weight loss: a systematic review
Cullen O'Gorman1,2, Matilda O'Gorman3, Nicola Warren4,5
1Department of Neurology, Mater Hospital, Raymond Terrace, South Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. c.ogorman@uq.edu.au.
Journal of Neurology
|August 3, 2026
Summary
Novel weight loss drugs, like semaglutide and tirzepatide, are linked to peripheral nerve issues. Patients with diabetes or pre-diabetes are most affected. Careful weight loss management is crucial to prevent nerve complications.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Endocrinology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Obesity is a global epidemic, driving demand for effective weight loss medications.
- Emerging reports suggest potential peripheral nerve complications associated with these treatments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review all reported cases of peripheral nerve complications linked to weight loss medications.
- To analyze the characteristics of these complications and associated patient factors.
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL databases up to June 2026.
- Data extraction included demographics, medications, weight loss details, and neurological presentations.
- Descriptive statistics were employed to summarize findings from identified studies.
Main Results:
- 19 studies involving 31 individual cases and one cohort (103 individuals) were identified, mostly published since 2024.
- Semaglutide and tirzepatide were implicated in 83% of cases; 67% had pre-diabetes/diabetes.
- Common neurological presentations included fibular neuropathy, lumbosacral radiculoplexus neuropathy, and distal symmetric polyneuropathy.
Conclusions:
- A recent increase in peripheral nerve disorders is associated with medical treatments for obesity and diabetes.
- Recommendations include ensuring adequate nutrition and avoiding excessively rapid weight and HbA1c reduction.
- Further prospective studies are needed to establish incidence and safe rates for weight loss and glycemic control.
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