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Microplastics in the Human Nasal Cavity and Upper Airway: Emerging Evidence and Rhinologic Implications
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. jjinient@cau.ac.kr.
Summary
Microplastics (MPs) are found in the human upper airway, posing potential health risks. This review examines exposure routes, including medical devices, and their impact on nasal and sinus diseases.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Toxicology
- Rhinology
Background:
- Microplastics (MPs) are widespread environmental pollutants.
- Inhalation is a key exposure route, yet the upper airway remains understudied.
- MPs have been detected in nasal fluids, tissues, and even the brain's olfactory bulb.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review evidence on MPs in the human nasal cavity and upper airway.
- To discuss environmental and medical device exposure pathways.
- To examine the implications of MPs for rhinologic diseases.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of current evidence.
- Analysis of detection and characterization studies.
- Discussion of exposure pathways and health implications.
Main Results:
- MPs are detectable in the human upper airway.
- Environmental sources and medical devices contribute to exposure.
- Potential links to allergic rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis are emerging.
Conclusions:
- The upper airway is a significant site for MP exposure.
- Further research is needed to understand health impacts and establish safety guidelines.
- Addressing MP contamination is crucial for respiratory and rhinologic health.
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