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Identification and field verification of the aggregation pheromone produced by predator Eocanthecona furcellata
Huiqin Li1, Hang Zhao1,2, Yongming Tian1,3
1College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.
Background:
Eocanthecona furcellata (Wolff) is a key predatory insect that attacks pests across Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Hemiptera, and Hymenoptera. It commonly displays aggregation behavior, which is thought to provide multiple ecological benefits; however, the underlying mechanisms and potential aggregation pheromones remain poorly understood. To fill this knowledge gap, we examined the role of antennae in aggregation, analyzed the body volatiles of E. furcellata, and conducted laboratory bioassays and field trials.
Results:
Antennae served as the main sensory organs mediating aggregation in all nymphal instars. Whole-body extracts from fifth-instar nymphs significantly attracted both male and female fifth-instar individuals. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography-electroantennogram detection (GC-EAD) identified eight compounds, among which (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal, tetradecanal, and tridecane were verified as aggregation pheromones in laboratory tests. Field trials further validated the biological activity of these compounds. We also determined the optimal attractive range, placement height, and effective duration of these pheromones, offering critical insights for optimizing the field deployment of this natural enemy.
Conclusion:
The fifth-instar nymphs of the predatory stink bug E. furcellata produce aggregation pheromones, (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal, tetradecanal, and tridecane, which are primarily perceived through the antennae, triggering conspecific aggregation behavior. These identified aggregation pheromones exhibit significant potential for development into field lures to monitor and enhance the recruitment of this predator for pest control. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.
