Haematological and plasma biochemistry reference intervals for free-ranging Australian pelicans

Area of Science:

• Avian physiology
• Wildlife health assessment
• Conservation biology

Background:

• Establishing species-specific haematological and biochemical reference intervals is vital for accurate wildlife health monitoring.
• Australian pelicans (Pelecanus conspicillatus) are a significant species in Australian wetlands, yet lack established baseline blood values.
• Understanding physiological variations across life stages is critical for effective wildlife management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To establish the first species-specific haematological and plasma biochemistry reference intervals for free-ranging Australian pelicans.
• To characterize baseline blood values for both adult and pre-fledged juvenile pelicans.
• To provide essential data for wildlife veterinarians, rehabilitators, and conservationists.

Main Methods:

• Blood samples were collected from 58 adult and 53 juvenile Australian pelicans between 2018 and 2024.
• Analyses included complete blood counts and plasma biochemistry.
• Data were collected from wild populations in the Gippsland Lakes, Victoria.

Main Results:

• Established reference intervals for haematology and plasma biochemistry in Australian pelicans.
• Identified heterophils as the most abundant white blood cell type across all age classes.
• Revealed significant age-related differences in haematocrit, urea, total protein, and calcium levels.

Conclusions:

• This study provides critical reference data for Australian pelican health assessment and management.
• The findings enhance understanding of normal pelican physiology and age-related variations.
• The established intervals will aid in diagnosing health issues, guiding interventions, and monitoring ecosystem health.