Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 11, 2026

A Bedside, Single Burr Hole Approach to Multimodality Monitoring in Severe Brain Injury
Published on: March 26, 2019
Gaps in Intracranial Pressure Monitoring for Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in China: A Clinician Survey
Lichao Wei1, Haijun Yao1, Huiyu Li2
1Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China; Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China.
Background:
Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is an essential component of severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) care. This study aimed to assess the current utilization of ICP monitoring among Chinese neurosurgeons, identify barriers to its implementation, and explore potential strategies to promote its broader adoption in the management of sTBI.
Methods:
We conducted a nationwide, cross-sectional, web-based survey in September 2025, targeting neurosurgeons who managed patients with sTBI. It comprised 5 domains: 1) hospital characteristics (level, capacity of neurosurgery and intensive care units, and ICP equipment availability), 2) professional background (title, experience, and subspecialty), 3) ICP monitoring practices (surgical and nonsurgical cases), 4) barriers and resource constraints, and 5) training needs and preferences. Data were analyzed descriptively using frequency distributions and proportions.
Results:
A total of 292 valid responses from 29 provinces were included. ICP equipment was fully sufficient for 57% of respondents and partially sufficient for 34% of respondents. Scenario-specific barriers prominently included Diagnosis-Related Groups/Big Data Diagnosis-Intervention Packet constraints (88%). Only 36% of respondents received structured procedural training before their first independent ICP insertion. Among those favoring probe-based monitoring (88%), ventricular placement was preferred (68%). Infection and tract hemorrhage ranked as the leading complications of concern. Interest in capacity building prioritized proctorship and high-fidelity simulation, with top content needs in standardized operative technique (87%), dynamic data interpretation (71%), and complications.
Conclusions:
The implementation of ICP monitoring in China is low and uneven, not only due to shortages of funds and resources but also due to cross-cutting barriers such as insufficient training.
Related Concept Videos
Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction
Increased Intracranial Pressure ll: Pathophysiology
Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction

