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Longitudinal Outcomes and Prognostic Risk of Normalized Airflow Obstruction in a Korean General Population Cohort
Yun Seok Kim1, Yong Suk Jo2, Chin Kook Rhee3
1Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Summary
Individuals with normalized airflow obstruction (NO) have an increased risk of developing persistent obstruction. Early identification and prevention strategies are crucial for this dynamic spirometric phenotype.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Epidemiology
- Respiratory Medicine
Background:
- Some individuals exhibit temporary normalization of spirometric values after airflow obstruction.
- The clinical significance of this normalization in the general population remains unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the characteristics and prognosis of individuals with normalized airflow obstruction (NO).
- To define NO as having FEV1/FVC <0.7 at baseline, normalizing to ≥0.7 during follow-up.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES).
- Classified 4,807 participants into NO (n=242), fixed obstruction (FO; n=277), or normal (n=4,288) groups.
- Followed participants for eight years (2007-2014) to assess outcomes.
Main Results:
- The NO group had more males, current smokers, and lower BMI compared to the normal group.
- Annual FEV1 decline was similar across normal, NO, and FO groups.
- 37.2% of the NO group developed airflow obstruction by 12-year follow-up, a 4.22-fold increased risk versus the normal group.
Conclusions:
- Normalized airflow obstruction (NO) may be a distinct, dynamic spirometric phenotype.
- Individuals with NO face a significantly higher risk of future airflow obstruction.
- Highlights the need for early identification and preventive measures in at-risk populations.
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