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Rural Health Curriculum in Bachelor of Science in Nursing Programs: A Narrative Review
Kyanna Harris1, Hilary N Touchett1,2,3, Alexandra Caloudas1,3,4,5
1Houston VA HSR&D Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness, and Safety, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
Summary
Rural health content is underrepresented in Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) programs. Integrating rural concepts into nursing curricula is crucial for strengthening the rural nursing workforce.
Area of Science:
- Nursing Education
- Rural Health Disparities
- Healthcare Workforce Development
Background:
- Rural communities experience significant health disparities and nursing workforce shortages.
- Existing Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) programs often lack dedicated rural health content.
- There is a need to understand how rural health is currently integrated into nursing education.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current landscape of rural health content in U.S. Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) programs.
- To identify the extent and nature of rural health integration in nursing curricula.
- To inform strategies for enhancing rural health education in nursing.
Main Methods:
- Conducted a comprehensive literature search across multiple databases (CINAHL, PubMed, ERIC, Scopus, CCNE).
- Included U.S.-based BSN programs with explicit rural health training or learning components.
- Utilized a narrative synthesis approach to analyze extracted data and identify themes.
Main Results:
- Sixty-three nursing programs met the inclusion criteria, with 93 identified courses or initiatives.
- Most initiatives focused on community health (59) or underserved populations (37).
- Only 20 BSN programs featured explicit rural health content, including rural-specific courses or clinical experiences.
Conclusions:
- Rural health topics are inadequately represented in current BSN curricula.
- Systematic integration of rural health concepts is needed in coursework and clinical experiences.
- Enhanced rural health education is essential to bolster the rural nursing workforce.
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