Toxicological and Cytogenetic Screening of Strontium Ranelate Alone and in Combination With Resveratrol

In this study, we evaluated the cytogenotoxicity of strontium ranelate (SrR), an important therapeutic agent used in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis, alone, as well as in combined treatment with resveratrol (RSV), a natural polyphenolic compound with protective properties, in standardized genetic toxicology assays. The concentrations selected for the tests included vehicle control; 10 µM SrR; 200 µM SrR; 1000 µM SrR; 10 µM RSV; 25 µM RSV; 80 µM RSV; and 200 µM SrR + 80 µM RSV, with RSV-containing treatments prepared using 2% DMSO as vehicle. Preliminary toxicological and cytogenotoxic screening was conducted using the Artemia salina and Allium cepa bioassays, both performed in quintuplicate. Active A. salina nauplii were transferred to test tubes containing the selected concentrations and treated for 24 h. For the A. cepa assay, forty bulbs were randomly divided into eight groups and exposed to the previously described treatments. Treatments with SrR applied alone induced toxic effects in A. salina and exhibited clastogenic and aneugenic effects in A. cepa. In contrast, RSV and the combined treatment were not cytotoxic and were still able to reduce the DNA damage induced by SrR, thus demonstrating antigenotoxic potential over SrR.