Targeting chronic mucus hypersecretion in respiratory diseases - focus on OPEP devices

Area of Science:

• Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine
• Pharmacology
• Medical Devices

Background:

• Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) present a growing health challenge, particularly in India.
• Chronic mucus hypersecretion (CMH) is a key characteristic of many CRDs, leading to impaired mucociliary clearance, frequent infections, and disease advancement.
• Effective airway clearance is crucial for managing CRDs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the prevalence and impact of CMH in various CRDs.
• To evaluate pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies for CMH.
• To provide clinical recommendations, with a focus on Oscillating Positive Expiratory Pressure (OPEP) devices.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review of published evidence on CMH therapies.
• Focus on mucoactive drugs (N-acetylcysteine, erdosteine) and OPEP devices.
• Analysis of mechanisms, efficacy, and clinical applications.

Main Results:

• N-acetylcysteine and erdosteine are commonly used mucoactive agents in India.
• OPEP devices enhance mucus clearance via positive expiratory pressure and oscillatory airflow.
• Combined therapies improve lung function, reduce infections, and enhance quality of life.

Conclusions:

• CMH significantly impacts CRD progression and patient outcomes.
• Both pharmacological agents and OPEP devices are valuable in managing CMH.
• OPEP devices offer a promising non-pharmacological approach to improve airway clearance and patient management in CRDs.