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The Interoception in Voice Scale
Alexander Jones1, Jonathan Silas1, Debbie Bethlehem2
1Department of Psychology, School of Science and Technology, Middlesex University, London, UK.
Journal of Voice : Official Journal of the Voice Foundation
|August 5, 2026
Summary
This study developed and validated the Interoception in Voice Scale (IVS) to measure awareness of bodily signals in voice production and perception. The IVS is a reliable tool for understanding interoception's role in voice disorders.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Speech and Language Therapy
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Interoception, the perception of internal bodily signals, is increasingly linked to voice perception and disorders.
- A validated self-report measure for assessing interoception specifically in voice processing was lacking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate the Interoception in Voice Scale (IVS).
- To assess awareness of bodily cues related to voice production and perception.
Main Methods:
- Developed 33 novel items based on existing measures and expert input.
- Conducted exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses on data from 584 and 320 participants, respectively.
- Assessed internal consistency, composite reliability, and construct validity through correlations with MAIA-2 and voice handicap measures.
Main Results:
- An exploratory factor analysis yielded a 19-item, four-factor scale: Emotional Voice Awareness, Physical Voice Awareness, Voice-related Concern, and Voice-related Attention.
- The four-factor structure was supported by confirmatory factor analysis.
- The IVS demonstrated good-to-excellent internal consistency and supported construct validity, with Voice-related Concern correlating with self-perceived voice handicap.
Conclusions:
- The Interoception in Voice Scale (IVS) is a reliable and valid self-report measure.
- The IVS can be used to investigate the role of interoception in voice perception and disorders.
- This scale offers a valuable tool for researchers and speech-language therapists.
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