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Updated: Aug 8, 2026

Stereotaxic Viral Injection and Gradient-Index Lens Implantation for Deep Brain In Vivo Calcium Imaging
Published on: October 8, 2021
Protocol to improve gradient-index lens implantation in the mouse medial prefrontal cortex using
Sishir Gautam1, Olga M Ocón-Grove2, Jenna K Greaser2
1Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.
None:
Gradient-index (GRIN) lens implantation enables deep brain imaging in animal models. Tissue-aspiration based GRIN lens implantation procedures often suffer from low success rates. Here, we present an improved protocol for NeuralGlider-assisted GRIN lens implantation in the mouse medial prefrontal cortex. We describe steps from viral injection to in vivo calcium imaging, with primary focus on GRIN lens implantation. This NeuralGlider-assisted insertion protocol minimized tissue damage through a controlled insertion speed, gentle lens rotation, axial micro-oscillation, and vacuum-based lens stabilization.
