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Galectin-3 in Cardiorenal Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Yujia Zhou1, Yaobin Liang1, Zonglin Shen1
1Department of Cardiovascular, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dongguan Hospital, Dongguan 523000, Guangdong, China.
Journal of Nephrology
|August 6, 2026
Summary
Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a significant predictor of cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) incidence and mortality in heart failure (HF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. This meta-analysis confirms Gal-3
Area of Science:
- Biomarkers in cardiovascular and renal diseases
- Molecular mechanisms of cardiorenal syndrome
Background:
- Galectin-3 (Gal-3) plays a role in cell adhesion, apoptosis, inflammation, and immune activation.
- Conflicting results exist regarding Gal-3's role in cardiorenal syndrome (CRS).
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically evaluate Galectin-3 (Gal-3) as a predictor for cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) subtypes and mortality.
- To clarify the association between serum Gal-3 levels and CRS outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature search across multiple databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, Web of Science, CNKI) up to March 2026.
- Inclusion of observational studies assessing Gal-3 in relation to CRS incidence, mortality, heart failure (HF) mortality, and chronic kidney disease (CKD) mortality.
- Meta-analysis of 22 selected studies from 281 retrieved articles.
Main Results:
- High Gal-3 levels predicted incident HF in CKD patients (HR: 1.19) and all-cause mortality in CKD patients (HR: 2.45).
- Elevated Gal-3 levels were associated with increased CRS occurrence in HF patients (OR: 1.12) and predicted all-cause mortality (HR: 1.55).
- Gal-3 was significantly associated with all-cause mortality in CRS patients.
Conclusions:
- Galectin-3 (Gal-3) shows potential as a significant predictor for Type 2 and Type 4 CRS incidence.
- Gal-3 is a valuable prognostic marker for mortality risk in patients with heart failure (HF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD).
- Gal-3 is associated with all-cause mortality in cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) patients.
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