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Functionality and quality of life in different gestational trimesters: A cross-sectional study
Bianca de Lima Archanjo1, Ana Carolina Sartorato Beleza1, Mariana Paleari Zanoni1
1Research Group on Physiotherapy in Women's Health, Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil.
Summary
Pregnancy impacts physical functionality and quality of life, particularly in the third trimester. While psychological well-being remains stable, physical, social, and environmental aspects decline as pregnancy progresses.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Public Health
- Quality of Life Research
Background:
- Pregnancy involves significant physiological and psychological changes.
- Understanding how these changes affect a pregnant woman's functionality and quality of life across different stages is crucial for providing adequate support.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the functionality and quality of life of pregnant women across the first, second, and third trimesters.
Main Methods:
- An observational cross-sectional study involved 110 pregnant women aged 18 and above.
- Data were collected using sociodemographic questionnaires, WHO Quality of Life (WHOQOL-Bref), WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0), and Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ).
- Statistical analysis included Welch's ANOVA and Games-Howell post hoc tests to compare trimesters.
Main Results:
- Functionality scores significantly worsened in the third trimester (WHODAS: 18.2 in 1st, 22.5 in 2nd, 25.9 in 3rd; P<0.001).
- Quality of life decreased in physical (P=0.003), social relationships (P=0.022), and environment (P<0.001) domains.
- No significant difference was observed in the psychological domain across trimesters.
Conclusions:
- Pregnancy leads to a decline in physical functionality and quality of life, particularly affecting mobility and physical performance.
- Social relationships and environmental aspects of quality of life are negatively impacted during pregnancy.
- Psychological well-being remains relatively stable throughout pregnancy.
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