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Published on: February 13, 2020
A Culturally Embedded, Adaptable Cognitive Intervention Activity for Older Adults with Dementia in Long-Term Care: A
Shyh-Bao Chiang1, Fang-Suey Lin1, Jung-Ying Hou2
1Graduate School of Design & Department of Visual Communication Design, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin County, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
Objectives:
To evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and design principles of a culturally embedded, cognitively guided, modular tabletop cognitive activity for older adults with MCI or dementia in long-term care (LTC).
Methods:
An exploratory sequential mixed-methods study in Taiwanese licensed LTC settings included 17 stakeholders and a 10-resident validation cohort with MCI or dementia. Feasibility was assessed by recruitment, retention, adherence, preparation time, social-validity indicators, directed content analysis, and observed distress and engagement during toolkit use.
Results:
Across 189 observed difficulty events, cultural mismatch and ungraded cognitive demands accounted for 73.4% of engagement barriers. The modular framework comprised cultural resonance, stepped cognitive demand, and lowered operational barriers. Stakeholders judged it acceptable; prototype testing showed 100% recruitment and retention, high social validity, and reduced preparation time from 18.4 ± 3.2 to 2.5 ± 0.8 minutes (p < .001).
Conclusions:
This culturally responsive modular toolkit appears feasible and acceptable for supporting cognitive activity programming in LTC and warrants further controlled testing.
Clinical Implications:
LTC teams may enhance cognitive-stimulation activities by using culturally familiar, graded, low-preparation toolkits adaptable to resident abilities.
