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Patient Satisfaction With Perioperative Services and Associated Factors in Ethiopia: Systematic Review and
Melesse Abiye Munie1, Tegene Atamenta Kitaw1, Aregash Birhane Terefe1
1Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Woldia University, PO Box 400, Woldia, Ethiopia, +251-33-540-0686.
Background:
Patient satisfaction is a key indicator of health care quality, and it guides improvement efforts. Although many local studies have examined perioperative patient satisfaction in Ethiopia, there is no comprehensive national synthesis. This gap limits the development of targeted strategies to enhance patient care.
Objective:
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to determine the pooled prevalence of patient satisfaction with perioperative services in Ethiopia and identify associated factors.
Methods:
This study included all observational research articles on patient satisfaction with perioperative services in Ethiopia. A multidatabase search strategy, incorporating PubMed/MEDLINE, HINARI, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, African Journals Online, and Scopus, was used alongside a gray literature search to identify all Ethiopian studies on perioperative satisfaction available before January 1, 2024. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the quality of the studies. To assess heterogeneity, subgroup analyses were conducted, and I² statistics were calculated. This study used funnel plots, the Egger test, and a nonparametric trim-and-fill analysis to assess publication bias. A sensitivity analysis was also used to identify any influential studies. Univariate meta-regression examined the association between study-level covariates and perioperative satisfaction.
Results:
This review included 21 studies comprising 6858 participants. Overall satisfaction with perioperative services was expressed by 5072 participants (73.96%, 95% CI 68.84%-79.08%; I²=96.56%). Factors significantly associated with higher satisfaction included effective postoperative pain management (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.23, 95% CI 1.56-2.90), illiteracy (AOR 3.18, 95% CI 1.23-5.13), primary school education (AOR 6.55, 95% CI 3.61-9.49), local anesthesia use (AOR 2.80, 95% CI 2.03-3.57), and history of prior surgery or anesthesia (AOR 2.76, 95% CI 1.51-4.01).
Conclusions:
This study found that the pooled prevalence of patient satisfaction with perioperative services in Ethiopia was 73.96% (5072/6858 participants). Postoperative pain management, illiteracy, primary school, local anesthesia, and a history of surgery or anesthesia were significantly associated with patient satisfaction with perioperative services. Health care facilities should focus on providing effective postoperative pain management, clear information about perioperative services, and training for surgical and anesthesia teams to boost patient satisfaction with perioperative services in Ethiopia.
