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Effects of dietary PQQ·Na2 level on performance and bone microstructure of aged laying hens
1Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; ZJU-Xinchang Joint Innovation Centre (TianMu Laboratory), Gaochuang Hi-Tech Park, Xinchang, 312500, China.
Abstract:
A total of 480 Jinghong No. 1 laying hens (400 d of age) were randomly assigned to five groups for a 7-week feeding trial: a control group and four treatment groups supplemented with 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, or 2.0 mg/kg pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium salt (PQQ·Na2), respectively. This study evaluated the effects of dietary PQQ·Na2 on production performance, egg quality, calcium and phosphorus metabolism, tibial microstructure, intestinal morphology, and cecal microbiota. Dietary supplementation with 0.5 mg/kg PQQ·Na2 significantly increased laying rate, eggshell strength, and albumen height (P < 0.05). Serum alkaline phosphatase, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, osteocalcin, and calcium concentrations were increased, whereas calcitonin and parathyroid hormone concentrations were decreased (P < 0.05). Micro-CT analysis showed that the 0.5 mg/kg PQQ·Na2 treatment increased tibial bone mineral density and bone volume fraction and improved trabecular microstructure, although tibial calcium and phosphorus contents were not significantly changed. In addition, 16S rRNA sequencing indicated that PQQ·Na2 altered cecal microbial composition, including changes in the relative abundances of several dominant genera. Overall, supplementation with 0.5 mg/kg PQQ·Na2 improved laying performance, egg quality, and bone health in aged laying hens, potentially through coordinated regulation of calcium-phosphorus metabolism, intestinal morphology, tibial microstructure, and cecal microbiota.
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