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Barriers and facilitators to artificial intelligence adoption among nursing students: a mixed-methods study
Paul Reinald Garcia1,2,3, Asim Alhejaili1, Abdulrahman Muslihi4
1Medical-Surgical Department, Taibah University, Madinah, 42353, Saudi Arabia.
International Journal of Nursing Studies Advances
|August 8, 2026
Summary
Nursing students show cautious optimism towards artificial intelligence (AI) adoption, with technological readiness positively influencing perceived usefulness. Ethical concerns paradoxically predicted higher AI utility, highlighting the need for tailored education.
Area of Science:
- Nursing Education
- Health Informatics
- Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
Background:
- Artificial intelligence (AI) has transformative potential in nursing, but adoption barriers exist.
- Limited research explores nursing students' perspectives on AI, despite their role in shaping its future.
- Understanding student viewpoints is crucial for effective AI integration in healthcare.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate barriers and facilitators to AI adoption among nursing students.
- To examine the relationship between technological readiness, ethical concerns, and perceived AI usefulness.
- To inform strategies for integrating AI into nursing education and practice.
Main Methods:
- An explanatory sequential mixed-methods study was conducted.
- Quantitative data collected via online surveys from 348 nursing students.
- Qualitative data gathered through semi-structured interviews with 17 students, followed by thematic analysis.
Main Results:
- Technological optimism and innovativeness strongly correlated with perceived AI usefulness.
- Moderate ethical concerns paradoxically predicted higher perceived AI usefulness.
- Students expressed concerns about deskilling, data privacy, and loss of human connection, advocating for AI as a recommendation tool.
Conclusions:
- Nursing students exhibit cautious optimism regarding AI, balancing potential benefits with critical awareness.
- The study highlights the need for educational strategies addressing AI competencies, ethics, and professional identity.
- Findings offer insights for integrating AI while preserving the humanistic core of nursing practice.
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