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Pediatric Eosinophilic Cystitis: A Case Series From a Single Institution
Leslie Hoyt1, Alexandra Bain2, Stacy Ardoin3
1Department of Urology, Charleston Area Medical Center, Charleston, West Virgina, USA, camc.org.
Insights
Eosinophilic cystitis (EC), a rare bladder inflammation, was studied in five pediatric patients. Some cases were uniquely linked to schistosomiasis, with one requiring immunologic agents for treatment.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Pediatric Inflammatory Diseases
- Parasitology
Background:
- Eosinophilic cystitis (EC) is an uncommon inflammatory bladder condition.
- It typically presents in adults with dysuria and hematuria, diagnosed via biopsy.
- Pediatric cases are particularly rare.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the presentation and management of pediatric eosinophilic cystitis.
- To highlight unique associations and treatment challenges in children.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective case series analysis.
- Review of five pediatric patients diagnosed with EC over 20 years at a single institution.
- Analysis of clinical presentation, diagnostic findings, and treatment outcomes.
Main Results:
- Five pediatric cases of EC were identified over a 20-year period.
- Unique associations with schistosomiasis were observed in several cases.
- One pediatric patient required immunologic agents for symptom management, a first for this age group.
Conclusions:
- Eosinophilic cystitis, though rare in children, can present with unique etiologies like schistosomiasis.
- Management may require advanced therapies, including immunologic agents.
- Further research into pediatric EC is warranted.
Abstract:
Eosinophilic cystitis (EC) is an inflammatory disease characterized by eosinophilic bladder infiltrate. It is primarily seen in adults with presenting symptoms of dysuria and gross hematuria, and diagnosis is confirmed with bladder biopsy. Possible etiologies include allergies, prior bladder trauma, or parasitic infections and management involves nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antihistamines, corticosteroids, and occasionally immunologic agents. EC is rare and especially uncommon in the pediatric population. We present a case series of five pediatric patients diagnosed with EC over a 20-year review at a single institution, including how they presented and their management. This case series highlights the first pediatric case of EC requiring an immunologic agent for symptom control as well as several cases uniquely associated with schistosomiasis.
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