Pediatric Eosinophilic Cystitis: A Case Series From a Single Institution

Eosinophilic cystitis (EC) is an inflammatory disease characterized by eosinophilic bladder infiltrate. It is primarily seen in adults with presenting symptoms of dysuria and gross hematuria, and diagnosis is confirmed with bladder biopsy. Possible etiologies include allergies, prior bladder trauma, or parasitic infections and management involves nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antihistamines, corticosteroids, and occasionally immunologic agents. EC is rare and especially uncommon in the pediatric population. We present a case series of five pediatric patients diagnosed with EC over a 20-year review at a single institution, including how they presented and their management. This case series highlights the first pediatric case of EC requiring an immunologic agent for symptom control as well as several cases uniquely associated with schistosomiasis.