The role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in breast cancer molecular subtypes

Breast cancer heterogeneity is crucial for treatment decision-making and prognosis prediction. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a key tool in breast imaging, providing a non-invasive assessment of morphological characteristics, cell density, hemodynamics, and vascular proliferation. Integrating MRI with advanced techniques such as radiomics, habitat imaging, and artificial intelligence enables a deeper understanding of tumor morphology and biological behavior through analysis of imaging features, thereby characterizing the heterogeneity inherent in breast cancer. This review explores MRI's role as an imaging biomarker for evaluating breast cancer molecular subtypes, aiming to support personalized treatment strategies and improve therapeutic outcomes.