Real-time visualization of hydrogen peroxide in cells and diabetic wounds using an activatable fluorescent probe

Diabetic wounds (DWs) are among the most severe complications associated with diabetes mellitus (DM) and are characterized by persistent inflammation, delayed healing, and poor clinical prognosis. Owing to the absence of highly reliable biomarkers for early-stage evaluation, the establishment of sensitive and minimally invasive analytical approaches for disease monitoring remains urgently needed. In the present work, we developed FXB, a newly designed fluorescent molecular probe capable of selectively recognizing hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). Systematic investigations demonstrated that FXB possesses excellent selectivity, high physicochemical stability, and favorable biocompatibility. By applying FXB in DW-associated biological models, dynamic variations of H₂O₂ were successfully visualized and quantitatively monitored in living systems. These findings indicate that FXB can function as an efficient platform for the real-time imaging of H₂O₂ fluctuations during diabetic pathological progression. Overall, this study offers valuable insight into oxidative stress-related mechanisms involved in diabetic injury and provides a promising basis for future diagnostic and therapeutic development.