CDS1 in Pan-Cancer: A Systematic Multidimensional Evaluation

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Immunology
• Biochemistry

Background:

• CDS1 is a phospholipid-metabolism enzyme.
• Potential biomarker for immune checkpoint blockade response across cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

• Evaluate the pan-cancer prognostic, immune, and functional significance of CDS1.
• Assess CDS1 in tumor progression and immunotherapy stratification.

Main Methods:

• Integrated multi-omics data from TCGA, GTEx, and cBioPortal (>10,000 samples).
• Assessed CDS1 expression, survival outcomes, immune correlations, genomic alterations, and immunotherapy responses.
• Functional validation in cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CESC) via CDS1 overexpression.

Main Results:

• High CDS1 associated with favorable outcomes in PD-L1 therapy (atezolizumab, nivolumab, pembrolizumab) and outperformed tumor mutation burden in predicting response.
• High CDS1 associated with resistance to CTLA-4 therapy (ipilimumab).
• CDS1 correlated with CD8+ T-cell infiltration, CXCL9/CXCL10 expression, and TNFRSF9; overexpression increased invasion in CESC.

Conclusions:

• CDS1 links phospholipid metabolism to immune regulation, membrane remodeling, and tumor aggressiveness.
• CDS1 may help explain immunotherapy outcomes across cancer types.
• CDS1 is a phospholipid-based biomarker for identifying patients likely to benefit from PD-L1 therapy and predicting CTLA-4 resistance.