Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 12, 2026
07:11
Treatment of Facial Deformities using 3D Planning and Printing of Patient-Specific Implants
Published on: May 23, 2020
Tridimensional Genioplasty through T-shaped Osteotomy - A Technical Note
Marilia Pinheiro de Carvalho1, Angélica Meneguci Petrarca2, Sergio Olate2
1Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hospital of Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, Bauru Medical School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil.
Annals of Maxillofacial Surgery
|August 11, 2026
Summary
T-shaped osteotomy (TSO) genioplasty allows for precise 3D chin reshaping, including advancement and width modification. This versatile technique offers significant aesthetic improvements in facial contouring and gender affirmation surgery.
Area of Science:
- Plastic Surgery
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Aesthetic Surgery
Background:
- Genioplasty is crucial in facial aesthetics, especially for gender affirmation, due to the chin's role in lower facial proportions and sexual dimorphism.
- T-shaped osteotomy (TSO) is traditionally used for chin narrowing but offers 3D control for versatile modifications.
- A comprehensive protocol for TSO using 3D planning and surgical guides is not widely published.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report the application of T-shaped osteotomy (TSO) for combined advancement, vertical reduction, and transverse remodeling.
- To detail a sequential protocol involving 3D virtual surgical planning and customized surgical guides for genioplasty.
- To demonstrate TSO's utility in a male patient with Class II skeletal deformity requiring orthognathic surgery.
Main Methods:
- Virtual surgical planning was utilized to create a 3D model for osteotomy and bone segment repositioning.
- Customized surgical guides were manufactured based on the 3D plan to ensure precise execution.
- The T-shaped osteotomy technique involved controlled bone segment repositioning for projection and contour enhancement.
Main Results:
- The T-shaped osteotomy (TSO) successfully achieved combined chin advancement, vertical reduction, and proportional transverse remodeling.
- The use of 3D planning and customized guides facilitated precise bone segment repositioning.
- The patient's retrusive, narrow, and elongated chin morphology was corrected, improving facial aesthetics.
Conclusions:
- T-shaped osteotomy (TSO) is a versatile and biologically favorable technique for genioplasty in aesthetic facial surgery.
- The described sequential protocol using 3D planning and guides enhances precision and predictability in genioplasty.
- TSO genioplasty offers effective solutions for complex chin deformities, including those associated with orthognathic surgery.
