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MAFLD/MASLD: Past, Present, and Future
1Medical Data Analytics Centre, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
|August 11, 2026
Summary
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has evolved from an overlooked condition to a major health concern. Recent advancements, including new treatments and noninvasive biomarkers, signify a new era in managing this prevalent liver disease.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology
- Metabolic Disorders
- Liver Disease Research
Background:
- Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) affects over 30% of adults globally.
- Historically considered unimportant, MASLD is now a leading cause of cirrhosis and liver cancer.
- Liver biopsy was the sole method for assessing severity, with no specific treatments available 25 years ago.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the evolution of understanding MASLD over the past 25 years.
- To highlight advancements in noninvasive biomarkers and clinical care pathways for MASLD.
- To discuss emerging treatments and future research directions, including omics and AI.
Main Methods:
- Review of historical data and scientific literature on MASLD.
- Analysis of the development of diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies.
- Discussion of recent clinical trial outcomes and regulatory approvals.
Main Results:
- Significant progress in understanding MASLD, moving beyond its previous underestimation.
- Development and validation of noninvasive biomarkers for disease assessment.
- Introduction of novel pharmaceutical treatments, with accelerated approvals for resmetirom and semaglutide.
Conclusions:
- The past 25 years have seen a paradigm shift in MASLD research and clinical practice.
- New treatments and diagnostic tools herald a new era for managing MASLD.
- Collaborative efforts and embracing technological advancements are crucial for future progress in liver disease care.
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