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Bioadhesive-Integrated 3D-Printed Multilayer Scaffolds Secure a Mechanically-Stable Osteoimmune Niche for Enhanced
Delu Zhao1, Qiuyi Li1, Lingyun Wang1
1Department of Orthodontics & Additive Manufacturing, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China.
This study introduces a novel 3D-printed scaffold with bioadhesive properties for enhanced bone regeneration. The scaffold provides immediate mechanical stabilization in complex bone defects, improving repair outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Orthopedic Surgery
Background:
- Mechanical stabilization is crucial for bone regeneration, especially in complex defects where implant fixation is challenging.
- Existing bone repair systems often lack effective strategies for achieving stable fixation in dynamic environments.
- The osteogenic niche requires stability for successful bone regeneration, but this is difficult to maintain in challenging clinical scenarios.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and evaluate a novel scaffold with interfacial fixation for enhanced bone regeneration in challenging defect sites.
- To investigate the mechanism by which adhesive-mediated stabilization influences the mechano-immune microenvironment and bone repair.
- To demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed scaffold in preclinical models of bone augmentation.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of a 3D-printed multilayer scaffold integrating a bioadhesive interface for bone adhesion.
- In vivo testing of the scaffold in rabbit mandibular and tibial augmentation models, comparing it to non-adhesive controls.
- Assessment of scaffold micromotion, macrophage polarization (M2-like), and angiogenic-osteogenic markers (VEGF, BMP2).
Main Results:
- The bioadhesive scaffold achieved rapid and robust adhesion to bone, providing immediate stabilization of the osteogenic niche.
- The scaffold significantly outperformed non-adhesive scaffolds and a guided bone regeneration comparator in rabbit models.
- Adhesive-mediated stabilization reduced micromotion and promoted a pro-regenerative mechano-immune profile, including M2 macrophage polarization and enhanced angiogenic-osteogenic coupling.
Conclusions:
- The interfacial-fixation-centered scaffold offers a new framework for enhancing bone augmentation in dynamic and complex bone defects.
- Mechanical stability secured by adhesive fixation influences mechano-immune cues to promote bone regeneration.
- The developed scaffold demonstrates significant potential for improving bone repair outcomes in challenging clinical settings.
