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Published on: August 7, 2017

Haematological Inflammatory Indices in Preschoolers With Developmental Language Disorder: The Role of the Systemic

Orhan Kocaman1, Tayfun Kara1

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Antalya, Turkey.

International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience
|August 11, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Peripheral inflammation indices like the systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) may be linked to developmental language disorder (DLD) in preschoolers. This study found higher SIRI values in children with DLD, suggesting a potential biomarker.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Health
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) affects preschoolers' communication skills.
  • Peripheral inflammation markers from complete blood count (CBC) have not been extensively studied in DLD.
  • Investigating inflammation's role may offer new insights into DLD's underlying mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare peripheral hematological inflammation indices between preschoolers with DLD and typically developing (TD) peers.
  • To examine the association between inflammation markers and DLD in this age group.

Main Methods:

  • A hospital-based, retrospective, case-controlled study included 127 children (61 DLD, 66 TD) aged 36-60 months.
  • Complete blood count (CBC) parameters were used to calculate Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII), and Systemic Inflammation Response Index (SIRI).
  • Statistical analyses included group comparisons, multivariable logistic regression, and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis.

Main Results:

  • Children with DLD showed significantly lower lymphocyte counts and higher monocyte counts, NLR, SII, and SIRI compared to TD peers.
  • Monocyte levels, NLR, SII, and SIRI were significantly affected by group status, independent of age and gender.
  • SIRI was a significant independent predictor of DLD, with notable discriminative ability (AUC=0.765).

Conclusions:

  • Peripheral inflammatory processes, particularly indicated by SIRI, may be associated with DLD in preschoolers.
  • SIRI demonstrates potential as a peripheral inflammation index linked to DLD, despite limitations in sensitivity.
  • Further research is warranted to confirm SIRI's role and clinical utility in DLD.
Abstract

Keywords:
developmental language disorderneutrophils‐to‐lymphocyte ratioplatelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratiopreschoolerssystemic immune‐inflammation indexsystemic inflammation response index

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