[The influence of composition and application technology of polymeric materials for temporary restorations in...

Comparative assessment of water absorption and solubility of polymer materials for temporary restorations, differing in composition and technology of application (CAD/CAM, 3D printing, traditional analog method).

Four materials were studied: Huge PMMA (CAD/CAM), Dental Sand Pro (3D printing), Sinma-M (hot polymerization) and Tempokor Automix (chemical curing). Samples in the form of discs (n= 4-8 per group) were made according to the requirements of GOST R 71412-2024. Water absorption (p_w) and solubility (p_s) tests were carried out in distilled water at a temperature of 37 ± 1 °C for 7 days. The statistical analysis was performed using the Student's t-test.

Statistically significant intergroup differences were found (p<0.05). The highest water absorption was observed in the Dental Sand Pro 3D printing material (40.04±1.59 micrograms/mm³), which corresponds to the upper limit of the standard value. The values of p_w for Huge PMMA (26.76±1.70 micrograms/mm³) and Sigma-M (24.05±2.65 micrograms/mm³) are below the established limit. The solubility of Sinma-M (11.21±3.17 micrograms/mm³) exceeded the standard value (7.5 micrograms/mm³) and was significantly higher than that of Huge PMMA (0.78±0.16 micrograms/mm³) and Dental Sand Pro (4.32±1.44 micrograms/mm³). The Tempocor material showed satisfactory results in both parameters.

The water absorption and solubility of polymer materials for temporary restorations significantly depend on both the chemical composition and the manufacturing technology. Milled PMMA (CAD/CAM) demonstrated the greatest stability, while traditional materials showed high variability in properties. The results obtained should be taken into account in the clinical selection of the material to ensure the long-term success of orthopedic treatment.