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Platelet-Derived Extracellular Vesicle Functionalization of Ti Implants
Published on: August 5, 2021
Improving the cytocompatibility and functionality of titanium implants by adjusting the electrolyte of the
Zhengyang Xing1, Rui Chao2, Xitong Tu1
1School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China.
Summary
Electrolyte-tuned titanium dioxide nanotube (TNT) coatings show promise for improving dental implant osseointegration. TNT-B coatings enhanced bone and blood vessel cell growth and reduced inflammation in vitro, though stability requires further study.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Surface Engineering
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Titanium implants are crucial in prosthodontics.
- Bioinert surfaces of titanium implants can impede early osseointegration.
- Tailoring titanium dioxide nanotube (TNT) coatings is essential for enhanced biological integration.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate electrolyte-tuned anodization for fabricating TNT coatings.
- To evaluate the impact of tailored TNT coatings on osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and inflammation.
- To determine the optimal TNT coating for improved implant performance.
Main Methods:
- Anodization of titanium in three electrolytes to create TNT, TNT-H, and TNT-B coatings.
- Characterization of coating morphology, chemistry, and wettability using SEM, XRD, XPS, and contact angle measurements.
- In vitro assessment of cytocompatibility, macrophage polarization, cytokine expression, osteogenesis, and angiogenesis using relevant cell lines.
Main Results:
- TNT-B coatings (∼188 nm pore diameter) demonstrated superior cell adhesion, proliferation, osteogenic markers, and angiogenic signals.
- TNT-B coatings reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and promoted M2 macrophage polarization.
- While TNT-H showed improvements, TNT-B exhibited the best overall in vitro biological responses, despite lower electrochemical stability compared to TNT-H.
Conclusions:
- Electrolyte modulation allows for controlled fabrication of TNT architectures and surface chemistry.
- TNT-B coatings show significant potential for enhancing in vitro biological responses.
- A trade-off exists between bioactivity and electrochemical stability, necessitating further optimization for clinical application.
