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Association between tooth agenesis and developmental dental anomalies: an observational study with machine learning
Guilherme Henrique Borges1, Walbert A Vieira2, Isabela Vinhal Henriques1
1Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, School of Dentistry (Uberlândia/MG, Brazil).
Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics
|August 12, 2026
Summary
Tooth agenesis, the congenital absence of teeth, affects 6.1% of patients and is linked to other dental anomalies. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing these developmental dental issues.
Area of Science:
- Dental Anomalies
- Developmental Biology
- Radiographic Analysis
Background:
- Tooth agenesis is a common developmental anomaly.
- It often co-occurs with other dental anomalies in non-syndromic individuals.
- Understanding these associations is vital for diagnosis and treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of tooth agenesis.
- To investigate its association with other developmental dental anomalies.
- To evaluate machine learning models for predicting agenesis.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 4,990 panoramic radiographs.
- Assessment of tooth agenesis and associated anomalies (e.g., canine displacement, tooth transposition).
- Statistical analysis and machine learning model application (Random Forest, XGBoost, etc.).
Main Results:
- Agenesis prevalence was 6.1%, higher in females and younger individuals.
- Significant associations found with dental transposition, canine displacement, and deciduous molar infraocclusion.
- Random Forest model showed best predictive performance, though with clinical limitations.
Conclusions:
- Tooth agenesis increases the risk of other dental anomalies.
- Early diagnosis and integrated therapeutic strategies are essential.
- Further research into predictive models is warranted.
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