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Reproductive risks of microplastics in assisted reproduction
Di Mao1, Wenhui Nan1, Jizhou Li1
1State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation in Frontier Technologies for Population Quality, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Key Specialty Construction Program, P. R. China (2023), Beijing 100191, China.
Microplastics (MPs) pose reproductive health risks and may threaten assisted reproductive technology (ART) success. Further research is needed to confirm impacts and develop mitigation strategies for these widespread environmental contaminants.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Reproductive Biology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Microplastics (MPs) are pervasive environmental pollutants found in human tissues.
- MPs in reproductive tissues suggest potential risks to male and female reproductive health.
- Potential effects include ovarian dysfunction, endometrial disorders, impaired sperm quality, and transgenerational risks via epigenetic reprogramming.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the potential threat of microplastic contamination to assisted reproductive technology (ART).
- To discuss how plastic materials used in ART may expose gametes and embryos to MPs.
- To underscore the need for further investigation into the impact of MPs on ART outcomes.
Main Methods:
- This study is a review and discussion of existing knowledge and potential risks.
- It synthesizes current understanding of MP presence in human tissues and ART procedures.
- It identifies gaps in knowledge and proposes future research directions.
Main Results:
- Microplastics have been detected in human reproductive tissues.
- Extensive use of plastics in ART may lead to gamete and embryo exposure.
- Direct evidence linking ART procedures to elevated MP exposure or compromised outcomes is currently scarce.
Conclusions:
- Microplastic contamination presents a potential, yet largely speculative, threat to ART.
- Standardized detection protocols, contamination controls, and safer materials are required.
- Further research is essential to elucidate and mitigate MP risks in reproductive medicine.
