VdPRMT1 Is Required for Fungal Growth, Metabolism, and Pathogenicity in Verticillium dahliae

Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) are key regulators of diverse cellular processes in eukaryotes, including transcriptional regulation, RNA processing, signal transduction and DNA repair. However, the biological functions of PRMTs in Verticillium dahliae remain largely unexplored. In this study, we identified a PRMT1 homolog in V. dahliae. Targeted deletion of VdPRMT1 resulted in severely impaired hyphal growth, sporulation, stress responses and pathogenicity. Subcellular localization analysis showed that VdPRMT1 is distributed in both the nucleus and cytoplasm of hyphae. Host-induced gene silencing (HIGS) of VdPRMT1 in cotton significantly reduced disease severity, supporting its important role in pathogenicity. Furthermore, VdLuc7, a U1 snRNP-associated protein containing multiple RG/RGG motifs, was identified as a putative interacting partner of VdPRMT1 through yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) screening, bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) and luciferase complementation imaging (LCI) assays. Together, our results demonstrate that VdPRMT1 is required for normal fungal development and full virulence in V. dahliae, and suggest that arginine methylation may contribute to pathogenicity through regulation of RNA processing-related pathways. These findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying fungal virulence and identify VdPRMT1 as a potential target for disease control.